Intshayelelo

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje eliya liqaphela ngakumbi indalo esingqongileyo, abathengi abaninzi bakhetha iistraw ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe njengendlela yokutshintsha iimveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo. Ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo ezikhethekileyo, iistraw zeglasi ezine-borosilicate ephezulu ziba ngumkhwa omtsha kubanini bendalo kunye nokufuna ubomi obusempilweni.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yemarike, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zengca zeglasi ezifana nentwasahlobo, kodwa umgangatho awulingani. Xa kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezithengiswayo, abathengi bangaziqonda njani iiperile, bakhetha umgangatho wokwenyani wengca zeglasi zeborosilicate?

Isiqinisekiso sezinto

1. Kutheni isiqinisekiso sezinto ezibonakalayo sibaluleke kangaka?

Iglasi ye-borosilicate ephezulu yahlukile ngokupheleleyo kwiglasi eqhelekileyo yesoda-lime. Iglasi ye-borosilicate ephezulu ngokongeza i-12%-15% ye-boron trioxide, ukuze i-coefficient yayo yokwandiswa kobushushu incitshiswe ibe yi-⅓ yeglasi eqhelekileyo, ngobushushu obuhle kunye nokumelana nokutshayiswa, oku kuthetha ukuba:

• Ukumelana nomahluko wobushushu: ingamelana nomahluko obushushu ukusuka kwi -30°C ukuya kwi 300°C kwiiqoqo (iglasi eqhelekileyo ingamelana nomahluko obushushu obumalunga ne 69°C)
• Ukumelana neempembelelo: Iqine ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kuneglasi eqhelekileyo.
• Uzinzo lweekhemikhali: ayisebenzi kangako ekutyeni, kwaye akukho zinto ziyingozi eziya kuvela xa isetyenziswa ixesha elide.

2. Ungayibona njani iglasi ye-borosilicate yokwenyani?

• Jonga ukuchongwa kwemveliso: iimveliso eziqhelekileyo ziya kubhalwa ngokucacileyo ngokuthi “iglasi ephezulu ye-borosilicate”; lumka kuphela xa kubhalwa “iglasi engatshiyo”, enokuba yinto eqhelekileyo evala amehlo ngeglasi.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kwamaxwebhu esiqinisekiso: isiqinisekiso samazwe ngamazwe, kuquka i-FDA, i-LFGB; isiqinisekiso sasekhaya, kuquka imigangatho yemveliso yeglasi yokutya edibeneyo ye-GB 4806.5-2016; Abathengi banokucela abathengisi ukuba banike iingxelo zovavanyo lomntu wesithathu, begxile ekujongeni isalathisi "somxholo we-boron trioxide".

3. Uvavanyo lokubonakalisa iimpawu zomzimba

• Uvavanyo lokumelana nobushushu: iistraw zitshintshaniswa ngokukhawuleza phakathi kobushushu nokubanda, umthunzi weglasi we-borosilicate wokwenyani awusekho.
• Uvavanyo lwesandi: Cofa ngentonga yesinyithi, iglasi yeborosilicate ivakala ikrwada kwaye iglasi ende, eqhelekileyo ivakala ingathandeki.

4. Isikhokelo sabathengi sokuphepha imigibe

• Umgibe wexabiso eliphantsi: ixabiso lezinto ezikrwada zeglasi ye-borosilicate ephezulu ngokwenene liphindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu kuneglasi eqhelekileyo.
• Ubuxoki obungeyonyani: abanye abathengisi baya kunikwa iglasi eqinisiweyo okanye iglasi eqhelekileyo ebhalwe ngokuthi “i-borosilicate ephezulu”.
• Isatifikethi sobuxoki: Iingxelo zovavanyo zobuxoki, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuhlolwe ubunyani besiqinisekiso kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni yoLawulo lweSiqinisekiso kunye noVumelwano lweLizwe.

(Iingcebiso zobungcali: Kubekwa phambili ukwandiswa kwezixhobo zelebhu zobungcali iimpawu zeemveliso zabantu abaqhelekileyo, ezo mpawu zihlala zinemigangatho engqongqo yokulawula izinto. Kwangaxeshanye ukugcina isatifikethi sokuthenga, ukuba kuyimfuneko, singathunyelwa kumbutho wobungcali ukuze kuvavanywe ukwakheka kwezinto.)

Ubukhulu kunye Nokuqina

1. Umthetho wegolide wokukhetha ubukhulu

Ubukhulu bodonga olufanelekileyo lweengca zeglasi ze-borosilicate kufuneka bube phakathi kwe-1.5mm-2mm, uluhlu oluye lwangqinwa kuvavanyo lwelebhu:

• Ngaphantsi kwe-1.5mm: Nangona ilula, ukumelana nokuwa kwehle ngaphezulu kwama-30%.
• Ngaphezulu kwe-2mmAmandla ayaphucuka kodwa ukumelana nokufunxa kuyanda, nto leyo echaphazela amava okusebenzisa.
• Indawo efanelekileyo yokulinganisela: Ubukhulu obuyi-1.8mm bunokumelana nokuwa kwe-1.2 yeemitha (idatha yelebhu)

2. Iindlela zokuvavanya umgangatho wobungcali

• Indlela yovavanyo lwe-acoustic: jika umzimba wetyhubhu, iglasi ye-borosilicate ekumgangatho ophezulu iya kukhupha isandi esicacileyo; iimveliso ezingalunganga zivakala zingathandeki kwaye zimfutshane, zinokuba namaqamza omoya okanye ukungcola.
• Indlela yokubhaqwa kokukhanya: jonga udonga lombhobho ekukhanyeni, kufuneka lubonakale lubonakala lufana, kungabikho maqhuqhuva okanye ukungcola; icandelo elisikiweyo kufuneka lipolishwe ngelangatye, libonise i-arc egudileyo (ukupolishwa okuqhelekileyo kuya kuba nemiphetho ecacileyo).
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: beka umququ phantsi koqwalaselo lokukhanya olune-polarized, usasazo loxinzelelo lweemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu luyafana, akukho mibala inemibala.

3. Uyilo olutsha luphucula ukuqina

• Uyilo lokukhusela kathathu: iringi etyebileyo emlonyeni wekomityi, umngxuma ochasene nokuqengqeleka embindini, kunye nonyango oluyindilinga emlonyeni wokufunxa.
• Inkqubo yokuqinisa umgangatho womkhosi: ezinye iimpawu zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuqinisa iikhemikhali, uxinzelelo lokucinezelwa komphezulu lunokufikelela kwi-800MPa; ubuchwepheshe be-nano-coating ukuphucula ubunzima bomphezulu ukuya kwi-9H (5H kwiglasi eqhelekileyo).

4. Iimeko ezicetyiswayo zokusetyenziswa

• Ukusetyenziswa ekhaya: khetha ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo obuyi-1.8mm kunye nebhokisi yesilicone
• Ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle: Kucetyiswa imodeli enobukhulu obuyi-2mm, enebhokisi yokugcina ekhethekileyo.
• Abantwana basebenzisa: kufuneka usebenzise imodeli ekhethekileyo enonyango lwekona ejikelezileyo + uyilo oluchasene nokuwa.

(Isikhumbuzo sobungcali: xa uthenga, ungacela ishishini ukuba libonelele ngevidiyo yovavanyo lokuwa, abavelisi abaqhelekileyo banerekhodi epheleleyo yenkqubo yovavanyo lomgangatho. Kuphephe ukukhetha ukubhengeza isixeko njengeemveliso "ezingenakuqhekeka ngokupheleleyo", zonke iimveliso zeglasi zinokwenzeka ukuba ziqhekeke, isitshixo kukufikelela kulungelelwano phakathi kokuqina kunye namava okusebenzisa.)

Ukhuseleko: Ayinalo ilothe, Ayigqunywanga, Akukho zintsalela zeekhemikhali

Iistraw zeglasi ze-borosilicate zineengenelo ezibalulekileyo ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko, ngezinto ezicocekileyo, isakhiwo esizinzileyo, kwaye azinazo iintsimbi ezinzima okanye ii-organic coatings eziyingozi emzimbeni womntu, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusela okunempilo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimveliso eziphantsi kwimarike, ezinokuba nezinto ezinobuthi ezifana ne-lead okanye ii-color coatings ezingazinzanga ezongeziweyo ngenxa yobuhle, ezinokuwa ngokutshintsha kobushushu okanye ukudibana ne-acid-base kwinkqubo yokusetyenziswa, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiingozi zempilo.

1. Iingozi ezinokubakho

Iimveliso zeglasi eziphantsi zinokuba neentsimbi ezinzima, ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kuya kukhokelela kwityhefu engapheliyo; ukuba umbala awuqiniswanga ngokuqinileyo, ekucoceni okuphindaphindiweyo okanye ekubulaleni iintsholongwane kubushushu obuphezulu kulula ukuxobula, ungaxutywa kwisiselo esityiwa ngumzimba womntu. Ukongeza, ezinye izinto zeglasi ezingaqinisekiswanga zinokudubula xa kushushu kakhulu okanye kubushushu obuphezulu, kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokwenzakala emzimbeni.

2. Iingcebiso zokukhetha

Abathengi bayacetyiswa ukuba bakhethe iistraw zeglasi zeborosilicate ezicacileyo ezingagqunywanga xa bethenga ukuze baphephe iingozi zokhuseleko ezingaqinisekanga ezibangelwa kukufaka imibala yokuhombisa. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ujonge ukuba imveliso ifumene na isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lomgangatho wokutya ukuqinisekisa ukuba loo nto ikhuselekile kwaye ayinayo intsalela yeekhemikhali. Iimveliso ezisemgangathweni zihlala ziphawulwa ngomgangatho wezinto kunye nolwazi lwesiqinisekiso.

3. Amacebiso okucoca

Iglasi ye-borosilicate ephezulu inokumelana kakuhle nobushushu kwaye ifanelekile kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubulala iintsholongwane kubushushu obuphezulu. Iindlela zokucoca ezicetyiswayo ziquka:

• Amanzi abilayo Ukubilisa nokuhlamba: Beka iingca emanzini abilayo imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ukuze ubulale iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ngempumelelo.
• Ukucoca ngomphunga okanye ngokucoca izitya zokuhlamba izitya kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu: ifanelekile ukucoca ngokukhawuleza imihla ngemihla, qiniseka ukuba iingca zibotshelelwe kakuhle.
• Ukuhlamba izandla ngebrashi ekhethekileyo kunye nesepha ethambileyo: ifanelekile ukugcinwa imihla ngemihla, kuphephe ukusebenzisa isepha enamandla ye-asidi okanye ye-alkaline ukuthintela ukugqwala.

Ngokukhetha iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokugcina imikhwa emihle yokucoca, ungandisa ukhuseleko kunye nempilo yeengca zeglasi ze-borosilicate eziphezulu.

Uyilo oluneenkcukacha: Chonga amava okusetyenziswa

Ukuthuthuzela kwengcongolo yeglasi ye-borosilicate akuxhomekanga kuphela kwimpahla ngokwayo, kodwa nakwindlela eneenkcukacha ezicwangcisiweyo. Ukususela kwimo yengcongolo ukuya kwizixhobo ezifanayo, yonke into encinci ichaphazela amava omsebenzisi ngokubanzi.

1. Ukukhetha iimilo kunye nobude

• Uyilo lwepayipi ethe tye: imigca ecocekileyo, kulula ukuyicoca, ifanelekile kumanzi okusela ekhayeni okanye eofisini yonke imihla.
• Uyilo lwetyhubhu egobileyo: i-engile kulula ukuyisela ngokuthe ngqo, ifanelekile ngakumbi kubantwana, abantu abadala okanye ngaphandle kwendlu, kodwa ikwalungelelaniswe ngcono nezikhongozeli ezinezivalo.
• Ingcebiso yobude: Kucetyiswa ukuba uthenge iistraw ezikumgama we-12-20cm, ezinokulungelelaniswa neekomityi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo, iibhotile zeglasi kunye neekomityi zokusela ezithathwayo, kwaye zinokusebenziseka lula. Kwiimfuno ezikhethekileyo, ulwandiso olulungiselelwe wena lunokuqwalaselwa.

2. Uyilo lwephakheji yezixhobo

• Ibrashi yokucoca: Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ibrashi yenylon ekhethekileyo okanye ibrashi yekotoni, elungele ukucoca ngaphakathi, ukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kunye nokuphucula ucoceko kunye nokhuseleko.
• Ibhokisi yokugcina okanye ibhegi ye-canvas: kulula ukuyiphatha, indawo yokugcina izinto xa uhamba, ukuze kuthintelwe ukudibana phakathi kwengca nezinye izinto ezikhokelela ekungcoleni, ngakumbi ezifanelekileyo ekutyeni ngaphandle okanye kwiingcali zokusingqongileyo.
• Ukucola umlomo ngengca: I-margarine esemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka ijikelezwe kwaye ipholishwe xa kusikwa, ingenamiphetho ebukhali okanye imicu, nto leyo enokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukukrwela umlomo kwaye iphucule ukuziva ukhuselekile kwaye ukhululekile xa usela.

Ukuthengisa kunye ne-After-sales: Ukuphepha "Ukuchitha imali kube kanye"

Iistraw zeglasi ze-borosilicate kufuneka zihlale ixesha elide, kodwa ubomi benkonzo buhlala buchaphazeleka bubuchule bebhrendi, ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokhuseleko emva kokuthengisa. Ukukhetha uphawu oluthembekileyo akusisiqinisekiso somgangatho wemveliso kuphela, kodwa kukwayindlela yokuphepha inkcitho kunye nokudana.

1. Imiyalelo ecetyiswayo

Nika ukhetho kwiimpawu zokuphila ezisemgangathweni ezinemvelaphi yobungcali, okanye abavelisi beglasi abanamava eminyaka emininzi. Ezi mpawu zihlala zineenkqubo zemveliso ezivuthiweyo, iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ezingqongqo, kwaye iimveliso zazo zisebenza ngokuqhubekayo ngokubhekiselele ekumelaneni nobushushu, ukufana kobukhulu kunye neenkcukacha zokusila, kwaye zinamazinga aphantsi okuphuka.

2. Isiqinisekiso senkonzo emva kokuthengisa

Iimpawu ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zidla ngokubonelela ngenkonzo yobuntu emva kokuthengisa, njengeenkonzo ezifana nokutshintshwa okanye imbuyekezo yomonakalo owonakeleyo, ixesha elandisiweyo lokubuyisela okanye inkxaso yokubonisana nabathengi. Ngaphambi kokuba uthenge, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge ngononophelo ukuba ishishini libhalwe ngokucacileyo na ngemigaqo yenkonzo efanelekileyo.

3. Amanqaku okujonga uvavanyo lomsebenzisi

Xa ujonga uphononongo lwabasebenzisi, akufuneki ujonge kuphela umlinganiselo opheleleyo, kodwa kufuneka uqwalasele nezinto ezithile, ingakumbi "nokuba ibuthathaka", "nokuba ivakala ikhululekile esandleni", "nokuba itshintshile umbala/iphelile".

Imvelaphi epheleleyo yophawu, ukhuseleko emva kokuthengisa kunye nempendulo yabasebenzisi inokuphucula kakhulu izinga lempumelelo yokuthenga izitro zeglasi ze-borosilicate, kwaye ifezekise ngokwenene injongo yokusetyenziswa okungenabungozi kokusingqongileyo, okuhlala ixesha elide nokuzinzileyo.

Isiphelo

Isitshixo sokukhetha iistraw zeglasi ze-borosilicate sikwizinto ezintlanu: izinto ezicocekileyo, ubukhulu obuphakathi, ukhuseleko kunye nokungabi nabungozi, uyilo olucingisisiweyo, kunye nophawu oluthembekileyo.Iistraw ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, nangona utyalo-mali lokuqala luphezulu kancinci, kodwa ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye neempawu zayo zokusingqongileyo, zinokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, zinciphise inkunkuma, zibonakalise ngokwenene "utyalo-mali lwexesha elinye, ixabiso lexesha elide lokusingqongileyo. Ngokwemikhwa yakho yokusela kunye neemeko, khetha iimveliso ezifanelekileyo kwaye uqale uhambo lokusela oluluhlaza olukhuselekileyo noluzinzileyo.