Intshayelelo

Iityhubhu zokukhulisa intambo yesikrufu ezilahlwayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yelabhoratri.Ukusetyenziswa kwazo ngokuchanekileyo akugcini nje ngokuthintela ungcoliseko lwesampulu, ungcoliseko olunqamlezileyo kunye nokulahleka kwesampulu, kodwa kukwaqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwedatha yovavanyo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nolwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nenkqubo yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wezilingo.

Esi sikhokelo siyasebenza kwiinkqubo zokusebenza kweetyhubhu zokukhulisa intambo yesikrufu ezilahlwayo ezisetyenziswa kwinkcubeko yeseli, kuvavanyo lwe-microbiology, kuvavanyo lweklinikhi nakwezinye iinkalo.

Ukulungiselela Ngaphambi Kokusetyenziswa

Ukulungiselela okwaneleyo ngaphambi kovavanyo linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kweetyhubhu zokukhulisa intambo yesikrufu ezilahlwayo. Okokuqala, ukuthembeka kokupakisha kwangaphandle kufuneka kuhlolwe ngononophelo ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukuqhekeka okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesitywina, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ukugcina ubumsulwa beetyhubhu. Iityhubhu ezipakishwe kakuhle kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo necocekileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukufuma okanye ungcoliseko.

Imeko yokubulala iintsholongwane akufuneki ijongwe. Iityhubhu zokukhulisa intambo yesikrufu ezilahlwayo eziveliswa ngabavelisi abaqhelekileyo zihlala zicocwa nge-gamma irradiation okanye i-ethylene oxide, kwaye iphakheji kufuneka ibe nophawu olucacileyo lokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa. Abasebenzi belabhoratri kufuneka bajonge indlela yokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nomhla wokuphelelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iityhubhu zikwimeko efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa.

Ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa kukhethwa iinkcukacha:

1. Ukukhetha ivolumu: Iityhubhu ezisemgangathweni ze-15ml zingakhethwa kwiimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo, ngelixa ubungakanani be-50ml bucetyiswa kwiimveliso ezinkulu.
2. Iimpawu zezinto eziphathekayoIzinto ze-polypropylene azinawo ubushushu obuphezulu, zifanelekile kwiimfuno zokubulala iintsholongwane kubushushu obuphezulu; izinto ze-polystyrene zibonakala ngokucacileyo, kulula ukuzibona.
3. Iimfuno ezizodwa: Kwiimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngokugcina ubushushu obuphantsi, kufuneka ukhethe izixhobo ezimelana nobushushu obuphantsi.

Abasebenzi belabhoratri kufuneka bakhethe imodeli yetyhubhu yenkcubeko efanelekileyo ngokweemeko ezithile zovavanyo, bethathela ingqalelo iimfuno zamandla e-centrifugal, ukuhambelana kweekhemikhali kunye nezinye izinto. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusekwe inkqubo yokusebenza esemgangathweni yokukhetha izinto ezisetyenziswayo zelabhoratri ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokuphindaphinda kwezilingo.

Inkqubo Echanekileyo

1. Ukukhupha izinto ezipakishiweyo

• Vula iityhubhu zokukhulisa izityalo kwindawo yokusebenza ecocekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngcoliseko lwangaphandle ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
• Nxiba iiglavu ezicocekileyo okanye usebenzise ii-tweezers ezicocekileyo ukuze ususe iityhubhu xa uvula ukuze uphephe ukudibana ngqo neendawo ezibalulekileyo.

2. Umsebenzi wokutshiza

• Akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuchukumisa udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-orifice okanye isiciko sangaphakathi sesiciko ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzalisa ukuthintela ukungena kwemithombo yongcoliseko.
• Umthamo kufuneka ulawulwe xa kufakwa iisampulu zolwelo kwaye akufuneki udlule kwisikali esiphezulu ukuze kuthintelwe ukuchitheka okanye ukuvalwa kakubi kweisampulu ngexesha lokusebenza.

3. Indlela yokutywina

• Isivalo sesikrufu kufuneka siqiniswe emva kokongeza isampuli ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa okupheleleyo. Ukutywinwa kunokuqinisekiswa ngokubangela ukuba kubonwe ukuvuza kancinci.
• Nika ingqalelo kumandla okukrufula aphakathi ukuze uphephe amandla agqithisileyo anokubangela ukuguguleka okanye ukwaphuka kwemisonto, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona okanye impembelelo yokutywina.

4. Ukumakisha nokurekhoda

• Sebenzisa iilebhile okanye iimaki zelebhu ezimelana nesinyibilikisi, ezingangeni manzi, ezingaxobukiyo ukuze ubhale ngokuchanekileyo ulwazi lwesampulu kwiindawo ezicocekileyo nezomileyo zetyhubhu.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa amaphepha eelebheli okanye iipeni zeinki eziqhelekileyo ezisengozini yokufuma ukuze kuthintelwe ukulahleka kolwazi ngexesha lokugcina.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko asetyenziswayo

1. Ukuphepha ungcoliseko

• Imisebenzi yovavanyo kufuneka yenziwe kwindawo ecocekileyo, engenathuli, kwibhentshi ecocekileyo kakhulu okanye kwikhabhathi yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji kuyacetyiswa.
• Nciphisa ixesha lokuvula iityhubhu zokukhulisa izityalo, kwaye umsebenzi kufuneka ukhawuleze kwaye ulungelelaniswe ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokuvezwa.
• Iityhubhu zokulima ezizimeleyo mazisetyenziswe kuhlobo ngalunye lweesampuli, kwaye ukuxuba akuvumelekanga ngokupheleleyo ukuthintela ukungcoliswa okuxubeneyo kunye nokuphazamiseka kweziphumo zovavanyo.

2. Ukucoca kunye nokugcina

• Ngaphambi kokufaka i-centrifugation, qiniseka ukuba uqinisekisa ukuba isiciko sesikrufu siqiniswe ngokuqinileyo ukuthintela isampuli ukuba ingavuzi; kwaye wenze i-symmetrical leveling efanelekileyo kwi-centrifuge ukuze uphephe ukungalingani koomatshini.
• Xa ugcina, iityhubhu mazibekwe kwindawo ethe nkqo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvuza okubangelwa kukubekwa ngokuthe tye. Kuphephe ukubeka iityhubhu kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu, ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo okanye kwindawo efumileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamisa uzinzo lweesampuli kunye nokusebenza kweetyhubhu.

3. Ukuphathwa kwesampuli ekhethekileyo

• Kwiisampuli eziqulethe izinyibilikisi eziguquguqukayo, eziphilayo okanye izinto ezirhabaxa kakhulu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe imodeli ekhethekileyo enokumelana neekhemikhali.
• Ukuze ugcine i-cryopreservation, sebenzisa iityhubhu zokugcina i-cryopreservation ezimelana namaqondo obushushu aphantsi; iityhubhu eziqhelekileyo zokukhulisa ezilahlwayo zinokuba buthathaka okanye zivuza xa amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu.

Okufanele Ukwenze Emva Kokusetyenziswa

1. Ukucubungula ukhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo

• Iityhubhu zenkcubeko ezineesampuli zebhayoloji ezisulelayo, ezinokubangela izifo okanye ezinobungozi obukhulu kufuneka zifakwe i-autoclave okanye zingasebenzi ngesibulali-ntsholongwane esisebenzayo ngokuhambelana neemfuno zenqanaba lokhuseleko lwebhayoloji ngaphambi kokuba zilahlwe njengenkunkuma.
• Iityhubhu zokukhulisa izityalo ezilahliweyo mazifakwe kwisitya senkunkuma seplastiki esichongiweyo "esingcoliswe yizinto eziphilayo" ngokwenkqubo yokuhlelwa nokulawulwa kwenkunkuma enobungozi yelebhu, kwaye akufuneki zixutywe nenkunkuma eqhelekileyo yokulahla.

2. Iingcebiso zokusingqongileyo

• Beka phambili iityhubhu zenkcubeko ezenziwe ngezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokubuyisela izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokulahla okusingqongileyo kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kwiilabhoratri apho iimeko zivuma khona.
• Nciphisa inkunkuma engeyomfuneko yezinto ezisetyenziswayo, khuthaza ukusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kwezinto ezilahlwayo phantsi kwesizathu sokhuseleko, kwaye ukhuthaze ukwakhiwa kweelabhoratri eziluhlaza.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

1. Ndingenza ntoni ukuba andikwazi ukuqinisa isigqubuthelo sesikrufu?

Okokuqala jonga ukuba imisonto ilungelelaniswe kakuhle na kwaye akukho zinto zangaphandle ezibambeke kwimisonto. Musa ukuyinyanzela imisonto ukuba ikhululeke kuba oku kungonakalisa i-orifice okanye isiciko. Ukuba ayivaleki, ityhubhu yokukhulisa kufuneka itshintshwe ngentsha.

2. Ngaba iityhubhu zokukhulisa ezilahlwayo zingaphinda zisetyenziswe?

Akukhuthazwa ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuvalwa nokungazalisi kweetyhubhu zokukhulisa ezilahlwayo akuzukuqinisekiswa emva kokusetyenziswa, kwaye ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kunokubangela ungcoliseko, iziphumo ezithambekele ecaleni, okanye umonakalo weetyhubhu.

3. Ndingenza ntoni ukuba kukho ukuvuza xa ndisebenzisa i-centrifuging?

Jonga ukuba isiciko siqiniswe kakuhle kwaye sivalwe kakuhle, kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iityhubhu zokukhulisa zilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-centrifugation. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa isantya esiphezulu se-centrifugal apho iityhubhu zilinganiswe khona. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, khetha ityhubhu ye-centrifuge ekhethekileyo engaxinani noxinzelelo njengendlela eyahlukileyo.

Isiphelo

Ukusetyenziswa okusemgangathweni kweetyhubhu zokukhulisa intambo yesikrufu elahlwayo linyathelo elibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo, ukhuseleko lwesampuli kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Ukunamathela ngokungqongqo kwimigangatho yokusebenza kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo, nokuba kukuqokelela, ukuphatha, ukugcina okanye ukulahla iisampulu, sisiqinisekiso esisisiseko sokuphucula umgangatho wovavanyo kunye nokunciphisa iingozi.

Kucetyiswa ukuba iingcali zelebhu zisebenzise iityhubhu zokukhulisa ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinesivalo esihle, ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nobushushu obufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zazo ezithile zovavanyo, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kovavanyo kunye nokufezekisa ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwezixhobo zelebhu.