Intshayelelo

Kwiilabhoratri zanamhlanje zebiomedical kunye neekhemikhali,iityhubhu zenkcubeko ezilahlwayo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkcubeko yeeseli, ukuphendula kweekhemikhali, ukugcinwa kwesampulu kunye neminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo.Ukubaluleka kwabo kwinkqubo yovavanyo akunakungahoywa. Kuba ezi ityhubhu zenkcubeko zinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo neesampulu zovavanyo, imathiriyeli yazo, ubungakanani, ukuvalwa nokuba zivalwe inzala okanye hayi ziya kuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwiziphumo zovavanyo. Ukukhetha okungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekungcolisekeni okunqamlezayo, ukulahleka kwesampulu okanye i-bias yedatha yovavanyo, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela ukuchaneka kunye nokuveliswa kophando.

Iindidi eziphambili zeeTubhu zeNkcubeko eziLahlwayo

Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweetyhubhu zenkcubeko ezilahlayo, kwaye abaphandi kufuneka bakhethe uhlobo olufanelekileyo ngokwenjongo yovavanyo, indawo yokusebenza kunye neempawu zeesampulu. Zahlulwe kule miba mithathu ilandelayo: imathiriyeli, umthamo kunye nomsebenzi okhethekileyo:

1. Ukuhlelwa ngokwezinto eziphathekayo

Iityhubhu zenkcubeko ezilahlwayo ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka ekuxhathiseni ubushushu, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo:

• Iipolypropylene: Ukumelana kakuhle nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokubola kweekhemikhali, ilungele inkcubeko yesiqhelo yeeseli, imifuniselo yebhayoloji yemolekyuli kunye nezinye izicelo.
• Ipolystyrene: ukukhanya okuphezulu, kulula ukujonga ulwelo kunye nesimo seseli, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuvavanyo lwe-optical, kodwa hayi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakusetyenziswa kwi-autoclaving.
• Imibhobho yenkcubeko yeglasi: Nangona zisebenziseka kwakhona kwaye zizinzile ngokwekhemikhali, zibiza kakhulu, zifuna ukucoca okongeziweyo kunye neenkqubo zokuvala inzala, kwaye zibonisa umngcipheko onokubakho wokungcoliseka.

2. Ukuhlelwa ngokwamandla

Ngokuxhomekeke kumthamo wesampulu efunekayo kuvavanyo, umthamo weityhubhu zenkcubeko usuka kwimicro ukuya kwimithamo emikhulu:

• Iityhubhu zeMicrocentrifuge: esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwisampulu yokuhambisa, imvula ye-centrifugal, i-DNA / RNA extraction kunye neminye imisebenzi.
• Imibhobho yenkcubeko eqhelekileyo: amandla asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwibhubhoratri, alungele inkcubeko yeseli, ukuxuba ukuphendula, ukugcinwa kwesampuli kunye nezinye iinjongo.
• Imibhobho yenkcubeko yomthamo omkhulu: ilungele inkcubeko yeseli enkulu okanye isixa esikhulu sokulungiswa kwesisombululo.

3. Ukuhlelwa ngomsebenzi okhethekileyo

Iityhubhu ziyafumaneka ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezongezelelweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo oluthile:

• Iityhubhu zeAseptic Pre-sterilized: umzi-mveliso ovalwe ngemitha ye-gamma okanye i-autoclaving, ilungele imifuniselo eneemfuno eziphezulu ze-aseptic.
• Ngekhatriji cap: ivumela utshintshiselwano lwegesi, olulungele ii-microorganisms okanye imigca yeseli efuna i-aeration kwaye inqande ukungcoliseka kwimithombo yangaphandle.
• Imibhobho eNganyangekiyo ngobushushu obuphantsi: ingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kwi -80℃ okanye nakwimekobume yenitrogen engamanzi, ilungele ukugcinwa kobushushu obuphantsi bexesha elide kwiisampulu zebhayoloji.
• Iityhubhu ezithweswe izidanga/ ezingathweswanga isidanga: Iityhubhu ezithweswe isidanga zilungele uqikelelo olukhawulezayo kunye nokuhanjiswa komthamo wolwelo ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemifuniselo.

Imiba ephambili ekuKhethweni kweMibhobho yeNkcubeko

Kwinkqubo yoyilo lovavanyo kunye nokusebenza, ukukhethwa kweetyhubhu ezifanelekileyo ezilahlwayo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kovavanyo kunye nokuchaneka kweziphumo. Abaphandi kufuneka baqwalasele ngokubanzi izinto ezininzi eziphambili:

1. Uhlobo lomfuniselo

Iimfuno zeetyhubhu zenkcubeko ziyahluka kakhulu ukusuka kumfuniselo ukuya kumfuniselo kwaye kufuneka zikhethwe ngokomxholo wokusebenza kunye nendawo yovavanyo:

• Kwinkcubeko yeseli: iimfuno zokungabi ntsholongwane ziphezulu kakhulu, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu ezingenazintsholongwane zangaphambili ezinee-cartridge caps eziphefumulayo ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshiselwa kwegesi kuyacetyiswa.
• PCR / imifuniselo yebhayoloji yemolekyuli: kufuneka ingabikho kwi-enzymes ye-DNA, i-enzymes ye-RNA kunye ne-pyrogen-free tubing, ihlala isebenzisa i-polypropylene tubing ecocekileyo.
• Ukugcinwa kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi: Iibhubhu ezinokumelana nokushisa okuphantsi kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuphepha i-lysis kumaqondo aphantsi.

2. Iimpawu zesampuli

Iipropathi zephysicochemical zesampulu zinefuthe ngokuthe ngqo ekukhethweni kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokucwangciswa okusebenzayo kweetyhubhu zenkcubeko:

• Iisampulu ezilulwelo okanye eziqinileyo: inquma umthamo ofunekayo kunye nefom ye-tube orifice.
• Iisampulu ze-Acid okanye i-alkaline: iisampulu ezonakalise kakhulu zifuna izinto ezichasene neekhemikhali ukuphepha ukuguqulwa kwetyhubhu okanye ungcoliseko.
• Nokuba ukuphepha ukukhanya: Iisampulu ezikhanyayo kufuneka zikhethe ityhubhu yenkcubeko ye-amber okanye i-opaque, ukwenzela ukuthintela ukuthotywa kwefoto.

3. Iimfuno zokuvala inzala

Imfuno yokuvala inzala kunye nohlobo lokuvala inzala esetyenzisiweyo yingqwalasela ephambili ekukhetheni iityhubhu:

• Ukwenziwa inzala kwangaphambili vs: Iimveliso zefektri pre-sterilized zilungele imifuniselo ephezulu, ukonga ixesha; ukuba ilabhoratri inezixhobo zokuvala inzala ye-autoclave, ungakhetha ityhubhu yePP enokuthi i-autoclave.
• Ukuhambelana kokuvala inzala: Ngokomzekelo, izinto ze-PS azifanelekanga kwi-autoclaving kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa enye kuphela.

4. Ukuhambelana

Iityhubhu kufuneka zilungelelaniswe kakuhle nezixhobo zelabhoratri ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neziphumo ezithembekileyo:

• Ukuhambelana kwe-Centrifugal: Iityhubhu ezisetyenziselwa i-centrifugation kufuneka zomelele ngokwesakhiwo ukuze zimelane nemikhosi ye-centrifugal kwizantya eziphezulu zokujikeleza.
• Ukuhambelana okuzenzekelayo: Kwiimvavanyo ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi zombhobho, iisistim zokukhupha ezizenzekelayo, njl., ubungakanani betyhubhu obuqhelekileyo kufuneka busetyenziswe.

5. Iindleko kunye nozinzo

Ulawulo olunengqiqo lweendleko kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kukwayinto ebalulekileyo ekuqwalaselweni kweemfuno zovavanyo:

• Okulahlwayo vs. ukuphinda kusetyenziswe: iibhubhu ezilahlayo zilula ukulawula kunye nokuphepha ukungcoliseka, ezifanelekileyo kwiimvavanyo eziphezulu; iityhubhu zeglasi eziphinda zisetyenziswe zilungele imifuniselo esisiseko enohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselweyo.
• Isikali sokuthenga: ukuthengwa komthamo omkhulu kunokunciphisa ixabiso leyunithi, lilungele ixesha elide, iiprojekthi ezinkulu; imilinganiselo emincinci, eyenzelwe wena iguquguquka ngakumbi kodwa ixabiso eliphezulu.

Izindululo zeemeko zeSicelo esiQhelekileyo

Ngokweemfuno ezikhethekileyo zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo, ezi ityhubhu zenkcubeko ezilahlwayo zilandelayo ziyacetyiswa kwiimeko ezininzi zesicelo eziqhelekileyo, ezijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kweemvavanyo:

1. Ukulinywa kweeseli

• Uhlobo olucetyiswayo: Iityhubhu zenkcubeko yepolypropylene engcolileyo eneekhatriji eziphefumlayo
• Isizathu: Izinto ze-Polypropylene zine-inertness efanelekileyo yeekhemikhali kunye ne-biocompatibility, ilungele ulwelo lwenkcubeko yeseli. Isigqubuthelo sekhatriji sinokubona ukutshintshiselana kwerhasi okusebenzayo, ukunqanda ukungcoliseka kwentsholongwane, kunye nokuhlangabezana nemeko yerhasi efunekayo ekwandeni kweeseli.

2. I-PCR/qPCR yokuqonda imolekyuli

• Iintlobo ezicetyiswayo: I-nuclease-free, i-pyrogen-free specialised PCR tubes okanye i-microcentrifuge tubes
• Isizathu: Iityhubhu zepolypropylene ezicocekileyo, emva kokunyangwa ngokungqongqo, zinokuphepha ngokufanelekileyo ukuthotywa kwesampulu okanye ukungcoliswa, ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo zokukhulisa. Uyilo lwendonga ebhityileyo luyacetyiswa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza ubushushu.

3. Ukugcinwa kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi

• Uhlobo olucetyiswayo: ITubhile yePolypropylene eNganyangekiyo ngobushushu obuphantsi kunye noYilo lokuNqanda lokuQonceza kunye noYilo lweSikrolo sokutywinwa
• Isizathu: Ezi ityhubhu zingasetyenziselwa ukugcina iisampuli ixesha elide kwi-80 ° C okanye nakwi-nitrogen engamanzi, kwaye isakhiwo esikhethekileyo sithintela ityhubhu ekuqhekekeni kwe-brittle kunye nokuvuza kwesampuli. Ifanelekile ukugcinwa kwexesha elide lemigca yeeseli, iisampuli zegazi, iiprotheni okanye i-nucleic acids.

4. I-Centrifuge

• Iintlobo ezicetyiswayo: iityhubhu zepolypropylene ezinyamezelayo, ezingqukuva okanye ziyilo elisezantsi, kunye neerotors eziziisentimitha
• Isizathu: Iityhubhu zePP zinokuchasana kakuhle kwe-centrifugal kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nemikhosi ephezulu ye-centrifugal ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okanye ukuphuka. I-conical bottom inceda ukuqokelela iiseli okanye i-precipitates centrally kwaye inyuse izinga lokubuyisela.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuziphepha

Enyanisweni, ukungaphumeleli kovavanyo ngenxa yokukhetha okungafanelekanga kweetyhubhu zenkcubeko kwenzeka amaxesha ngamaxesha. Iimpazamo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye neengcebiso ezihambelana nezisombululo zidweliswe ngezantsi kwireferensi yabaphandi:

1. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixhobo ezingenakunqanda ukushisa kwe-autoclaving