Intshayelelo

Kuphando lwenzululwazi yanamhlanje kunye nohlalutyo lovavanyo, igumbi lokuqokelela isampula linyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha. Kwaye kule nkqubo, iisampulu zokuqokelela iisampulu, njengomphathi oyintloko wokugcina isampuli kunye nokuthutha, ukhetho nokusetyenziswa kwayo kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwesampuli kunye nokuchaneka kohlalutyo olulandelayo.

Iibhotile zokuqokelela isampuli zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-vials zihlulwe ngokucophelela ngokubhekiselele kwizinto eziphathekayo, isakhiwo, izongezo kunye nokuvalwa kweesampuli ezahlukeneyo kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-physicochemical, iimfuno zokuhlalutya kunye neemeko zokugcina.

UHlelo oluSisiseko lweeSampuli zokuQokelelwa kweeVials

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeesampulu zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuqokelela iisampulu ngexesha lokuqokelela kunye nokugcinwa.Ngoko ke, ukuqonda ulwahlulo olusisiseko lweebhotile zokuqokelela isampuli kuya kunceda abavavanyi ukuba benze ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zokwenene. Ngokubanzi, iityhubhu zesampulu zinokuhlelwa ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, indlela yokutywina kunye nemilinganiselo efana ne-solvent kunye ne-morphology yesakhiwo.

1. Ukuhlelwa ngokwezinto eziphathekayo: iglasi vs. Iplastiki

• Iityhubhu zeSampule zeglasi: Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngeglasi ephezulu ye-borosilicate ene-inertness elungileyo yeekhemikhali kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal, ilungele uninzi lwe-solvents eziphilayo kunye neemeko eziphezulu zokulungisa ukushisa. Ngokukodwa kuhlalutyo oluchanekileyo oluphezulu okanye ukuqokelelwa kwe-adsorbed compounds ngokulula, iiglasi zeglasi zinokuphepha ngokufanelekileyo ukuthotywa kwesampulu okanye ukungcoliswa.
• Iibhotile zeplastiki zokuqokelela iisampuli: izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-polypropylene, i-polyethylene, i-polycarbonate, njl. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nempembelelo kwaye zikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zifanelekile ukukhenkceza kwe-cryogenic, ukuqokelela isampula yebhayoloji, kunye novavanyo lwesiqhelo lwekliniki. Ezinye zeebhotile zeplastiki eziphezulu ziyakwazi ukumelana neqondo elithile lokubola kweekhemikhali.

2. Ukuhlelwa ngendlela yokutywinwa: i-screw, i-bayonet, uhlobo lwe-gland

• Uhlobo lwe-Screw-in: olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, olulula ukuluvula kunye nokutywinwa, lufanelekile kwiimfuno ezininzi zebhubhoratri jikelele. I-Screw-port caps idla ngokudityaniswa ne-PTFE/silicone gaskets ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kunye nokuhambelana kweekhemikhali.
• Uhlobo lweBayonet: Ivalwe ngokukhawuleza nge-snap, ilungele ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okanye iimeko ezifuna ukuvulwa rhoqo, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiplatifti ezizenzekelayo okanye iinkqubo ezithile zokuvavanya umgangatho.
• Uhlobo lwedlala: Itywinwe ngekepusi yentsimbi kunye nedlala, eyona moya ingangeni, isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwichromatography yerhasi kunye nolunye uvavanyo olufuna ulawulo lokuguquguquka okuphezulu. Ilungele ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunye nokuthutha, ngakumbi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuvavanyo lwesampulu yokusingqongileyo.

3. Ukwahlula ngomthamo kunye nokuma: umgangatho, omncinci, ophantsi we-conical, njl.

• Iingqayi eziqhelekileyo: imiqulu eqhelekileyo yi-1.5 ml, i-2 ml kunye ne-5 ml, ezifanelekileyo ukuqokelela kunye nohlalutyo lweesampuli ezininzi zamanzi. Ubume ubukhulu becala i-cylindrical, ekulula ukuba ibambeke ngezixhobo ezizenzekelayo.
• Iingqayi ezincinci: kunye nomthamo we-0.2ml-0.5ml, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiisayizi ezincinci zesampulu okanye ukuyila kovavanyo oluphezulu. Ifanele inkqubo yesampulu encinci.
• Iingqayi ezinecone: I-bottom ye-vial yenzelwe ukumila kwekhoni, ekulungele ukugxilwa kwesampuli, ukusebenza kwe-centrifugal kunye ne-residu-free aspiration, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimvavanyo zeprotheni / nucleic acid extraction.
• Iingqayi ezisezantsi / ezingqukuva: I-Flat bottoms ifanelekile kwizixhobo ze-autosampling, ngelixa i-bottom ejikelezayo ifanelekile ngakumbi ekusebenzeni ngesandla okanye kwi-vortex yokuxuba iimeko.

Ukusetyenziswa kwiiSampulu zeBhayoloji (iisampulu zegazi njengomzekelo)

Njengenye yeesampulu zebhayoloji eziqhelekileyo nezisisiseko, igazi lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukuxilongwa kwezonyango, uvavanyo lwemfuzo, kunye nophando lweproteomics. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuntsonkothileyo kunye nomsebenzi owomeleleyo webhayoloji, iimfuno zezikhongozeli zokuqokelela zingqongqo. Iisampulu zokuqokelela iisampulu ezisetyenziselwa izicelo ezahlukeneyo zihluke ngokwezongezo, izixhobo kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo, oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho weesampuli kunye nokuchaneka kohlalutyo olulandelayo.

1. Okusingqongileyo kunye nenjongo yokusetyenziswa

• Uvavanyo lwezonyango lwezonyango: kwigazi eliqhelekileyo, i-biochemistry, i-electrolytes, uvavanyo lwenqanaba le-hormone, njl., kufuneka lukhawuleze, lusebenze kakuhle, lugweme i-hemolysis kunye nokungcola.
• Uphando lwebhayoloji yeemolekyuli: njenge-RNA-seq, ukulandelelana kwe-genome epheleleyo (WGS), qPCR, njl., efuna iimfuno eziphezulu zengqibelelo ye-nucleic acid kunye neemeko zokugcinwa kweesampuli.
• Uhlalutyo lweprotheyini kunye ne-metabolomics: ixhala malunga nokuthintela umsebenzi weprotease, ukuhambelana kwe-solvent, ukuzinza emva kokuqhwala okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokunyibilika.

2. Iintlobo zeebhotile zesampuli eziqhelekileyo kunye noqwalaselo

• Iqulathe i-anticoagulant vials: Iityhubhu ze-EDTA zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuvavanyo lwe-hematology kunye ne-nucleic acid extraction, enokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokudibanisa kunye nokukhusela i-morphology yeselula; Iityhubhu ze-Heparin zifanelekile ukuhlalutya kwe-plasma, zilungele iimvavanyo ezithile zeekhemikhali (umzekelo, uhlalutyo lwegesi yegazi), kodwa ziphazamise ukuphendulwa kwe-PCR ethile; kunye neetyhubhu zeSodium citrate zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lomsebenzi wokudibanisa.
• Iityhubhu zokuqokelelwa kwegazi ezicocekileyo ezongeziweyo: isetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-serum, njengokubamba umsebenzi, umsebenzi wezintso, iimvavanyo ze-immunology, njl. Emva kokuba igazi lidibene ngokwemvelo, i-serum ihlukaniswe yi-centrifugation ukuphepha izongezo zekhemikhali eziphazamisa ukusabela kovavanyo.
• Iingqayi ezikhethekileyo ze-cryopreservation: yenziwe ngezinto eziphezulu zePP, ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu (-80 ℃ ukuya kwindawo ye-nitrogen engamanzi). Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide leplasma, i-serum, i-cell components, njl., isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiibhanki zesampulu zebhayoloji kunye nezifundo zokulandela ixesha elide.

3. Caveat

• Impembelelo yemathiriyeli kwisampulu uzinzo: Iibhotile zeplastiki zingabhengeza iiprotheyini okanye i-nucleic acids, ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphantsi kwe-adsorption okanye unyango olungaphezulu. Iingqayi zeglasi zizinzile kodwa azifanelekanga kuzo zonke iimeko zokukhenkceza Amagcisa aseLebhu kufuneka enze isigwebo esisekelwe kubume besampulu kunye neemfuno zovavanyo.
• Ukubaluleka kokuleyibhile kunye nenkqubo yokulandelelwa: Ngexesha lovavanyo, iisampulu zibhideka ngokulula ngenxa yokubhala, ulwazi olungaphelelanga kunye nezinye iingxaki, ezichaphazela kakhulu ukuthembeka kwedatha. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iileyibhile eziprintiweyo zelaser, izitikha ezigcinwe emkhenkceni ezihlala zihleli okanye inkqubo yokulandela umkhondo yombane (efana ne-RFID, ibhakhowudi) kuyo yonke inkqubo yolawulo lwesampulu.

Ukugcinwa kunye nokuphathwa kweisampulu zegazi kudlala indima eqinisekileyo kwiziphumo zovavanyo, kwaye iisampulu ezifanelekileyo zokuqokelela iibhotile azigcini nje ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwesampulu kunye nokunyaniseka, kodwa ziyimfuneko yophando oluphezulu. Ngophuhliso lwamayeza achanekileyo kunye netekhnoloji ephezulu yokuphuma, imfuno yebhayoloji yokuqokelela iibhotile iya isiba yinyibiliki kwaye icocwe.

Uhlalutyo lweMichiza kunye neeSampulu zeLebhu

Kwikhemistri yohlalutyo, ukufunyanwa kweziyobisi, uvavanyo lokhuseleko lokutya kunye nomnye umsebenzi waselabhoratri, iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu azikho kuphela izitya zokugcina, kodwa kunye namacandelo aphezulu kakhulu enkqubo yohlalutyo kunye nesixhobo. Ngokukodwa kwi-chromatography ye-liquid, i-chromatography yegesi kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhethwa kwee-vials kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokuveliswa kunye nokuchaneka kokuhlalutya kunye nokusebenza okuzinzile kwesixhobo.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kweevials kwi-chromatography yamanzi kunye nohlalutyo lwe-chromatography yegesi

• Iingqayi zeHPLC: Ukuzinza kweekhemikhali okugqwesileyo kuyafuneka ukukhusela isisombululo sesampulu ukuba singaphenduli okanye sibhengeze eludongeni lwe-vial. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ii-2 ml zeglasi ezijijwayo ezine-PTFE/silicone gasket caps ezisetyenziswayo, ezixhathisayo kwi-organic solvents kwaye zigcina itywina eliqinileyo. Kwiisampulu ezithatha ifoto, iibhotile ezimdaka ziyafumaneka.
• Iingqayi zeGC: ekubeni uhlalutyo lwe-GC luxhomekeke kakhulu kwisampulu yokuguquguquka, i-vials kufuneka ivalwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye isoloko yenziwe ngeeglasi zeglasi ezineentloko zoxinzelelo; ukongeza, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, ii-gaskets ezifakwe ngaphambili zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukutywina ngee-caps ze-aluminium.
• Izicelo ezinesampulu emincinci imithamo: Ukuhlolwa kwe-throughput ephezulu kunye nokulandela ukufunyanwa kwecandelo, i-0.3 ml-0.5 ml microvials ingasetyenziselwa kunye ne-cannulae ukunciphisa ilahleko yesampuli.

2. Ubungakanani benkqubo ye-autosampling kunye neemfuno zokuhambelana

Iilabhoratri zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa ii-autosamplers ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokungaguquguquki, kwaye imigangatho efanayo iyacetywa kwiinkcukacha zevial ​​kunye neemilo:

• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo: I-2ml ye-standard caliber (OD 12mm * Ukuphakama kwe-32mm) yimodeli ephambili yokujikeleza, ehambelana ngokubanzi kunye ne-multi-brand autosampling system.
• Iimfuno zokubonakala kweVial: umlomo webhotile kufuneka ube tyaba, umzimba webhotile kufuneka uxhathise ukukhuhlana komatshini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-mechanical arm clamping stability.
• Ukulungelelaniswa kweTreyi ekhethekileyo: Ezinye iibrendi zeenkqubo zifuna ubume obuthile obusezantsi (umzantsi osicaba, umzantsi ojikelezileyo, okanye oneegrooves) ukuziqhelanisa netreyi yevial.

3. Izinto ezikhethekileyo kunye noyilo olusebenzayo

Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kohlalutyo lweesampulu ezintsonkothileyo, iilabhoratri zihlala zisebenzisa iibhotile eziyilwe ngokukodwa:

• Iglasi ye-borosilicate engasebenziyo: Yinto ekhethiweyo ye-vial material ye-HPLC / GC ngenxa yokumelana kwayo neekhemikhali eziphezulu kunye nokucoceka, ukuphepha ukusabela okanye i-adsorption kunye namacandelo omkhondo kwisampuli.
• PTFE gasket cap: Ukumelana ne-solvent ephezulu ye-corrosion, i-puncture ephindaphindayo, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwenaliti ye-autosampling, ukuphepha ukungcoliseka kwesampulu kunye nokuvuza.
• Ibhotile yonyango lwe-Silanization: umphezulu uphathwa ngengubo ekhethekileyo yokunciphisa i-adsorption yama-molecule e-polar, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlalutyo lokulandelelana.

Ngokukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo, ukwakhiwa kunye neenkcukacha, ii-vials ekuhlalutyeni kweekhemikhali aziphuculi nje kuphela ukufumanisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuhambelana kwesixhobo, kodwa negalelo ekungqineni kunye nokuthembeka kwedatha yesampuli. Ngokukodwa kuhlalutyo lomkhondo kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, ukucwangciswa okufanelekileyo kweenkqubo ze-vial kuye kwaba enye yeenkcukacha eziphambili zokuqinisekisa umgangatho wovavanyo.

Ukukhethwa kweeVials kuQokelelo lweSampuli yokusiNgqongileyo

Ingqokelela yesampulu yokusingqongileyo igubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwemithombo yeendaba, efana namanzi, umhlaba, kunye neatmosfera, kwaye iisampulu zinemixube entsonkothileyo kwaye zinokuba phantsi kweemeko ezigqithisileyo (umzekelo, ukonakala kakhulu, ukuguquguquka okukhulu, ukulandelela ungcoliseko, njl. njl.). Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kwedatha eqokelelweyo kunye nokuthobela iimfuno zolawulo, kubalulekile ukukhetha ii-vials ezifanelekileyo zokuqokelela isampuli.

1. Iimeko zesicelo

• Iisampulu zamanzi: Amanzi angaphezulu kwe-Baokou, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba, amanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso, njl. Iityuwa zezondlo, njl.
• Isicatshulwa somhlaba: iisampuli zolwelo ezifunyenwe ngokutsalwa kweekhemikhali, eziqulethe iintsalela ze-pesticide, isinyithi esinzima okanye i-organic compounds.
• Ulwelo lokuqokelelwa kwesuntswana emoyeni: iisampulu ezisetyenziselwa ukukhupha kwiinwebu zokucoca okanye ulwelo olufunxa iqamza.

2. Iimfuno eziphambili zesampulu yeengqayi

• Ukutywinwa okuqinileyo: Kuthintele ukuguquguquka kwesampulu, ukuvuza okanye ukufunxa ukufuma ngexesha lokuthuthwa okanye ukugcinwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ekubhaqweni kweVOC.
• Ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya: iisampulu zinokuba ne-acids eqinile, i-alkali okanye i-solvents ye-organic, efuna ukusetyenziswa kweglasi ephezulu ye-borosilicate okanye iibhotile ezenziwe ngeeplastiki ezikhethekileyo.
• Uyilo olungasebenziyo: Udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-vial lufuna ukuphepha ukungcola kwe-adsorbing okanye ukusabela ngamacandelo esampula, kwaye uhlalutyo oluthile lufuna ukusetyenziswa kweebhotile eziye zahlanjululwa okanye zahlanjwa kwangaphambili.
• Ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yesampulu: Zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo zokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo zikholisa ukukhokelwa yimigangatho yesizwe okanye yamazwe ngamazwe, efana ne-US EPA, iMigangatho yoMgangatho wokuSingqongileyo waseTshayina waManzi aphezu komhlaba, njl. njl., kunye neengqayi kufuneka zikhethwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo zesampulu.

Iingqayi ezikhethwe ngendlela engafanelekanga zinokubangela iingxaki ezinjengokonakaliswa kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo, i-adsorption yezinto ezingcolisa umzimba, kunye nezithuba ezingenanto, ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo okanye zikhokelele ekucinyweni kwedatha. Ke ngoko, ukhetho lwesayensi kunye nolufanelekileyo lweesampulu zesampulu kuhlolo lokusingqongileyo alunxulumananga kuphela nomgangatho wohlalutyo, kodwa lukwanxulumene nokuthotyelwa kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo zenzululwazi kokusingqongileyo.

Isikhokelo sokuKhetha iVial: Unokukhetha njani ngokusekwe kuHlobo lweSampuli kunye neeMfuno zoHlalutyo

Ukujongana neentlobo ezininzi zeebhotile zokuqokelela isampuli, indlela yokwenza ukhetho olusebenzayo nolwenzululwazi kumsebenzi osebenzayo yingxaki eqhelekileyo yabalingelo.

1. Iipropati zesampula zigqiba ukhetho lwesakhiwo sezinto zokuqala

• Iipropati zesampulu ngokwayo: Ukuba isampulu iguquguquka kakhulu, ibhotile yeglasi enekepusi yokutywina egqwesileyo kunye negasket ye-PTFE ikhethwa ukukhulisa ilahleko yamacandelo. Ebusweni beisampulu ezomeleleyo ezonakalisayo, kufuneka usebenzise iibhotile zeglasi ze-borosilicate ezinganyangekiyo kwikhemikhali, okanye usebenzise i-polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu, iiplastiki ezinamanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo ezaziwa ngokuba yibhotile. Ukongeza, kwiisampulu ezisebenzayo zebhayoloji ezityebileyo kwii-nucleic acid, iiprotheyini okanye iimicroorganisms, i-enzyme-free, iivial eziphathwa nge-aseptically kufuneka zisetyenziswe, kwaye i-adsorption ephantsi okanye imathiriyeli engasebenziyo iyakhethwa ukunqanda ukonakaliswa kwesampulu okanye ukubhengezwa okungachanekanga.
• Uhlobo kunye nokuhambelana kwezixhobo zokuhlalutya: Inkqubo ye-autosampling esetyenzisiweyo, kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ubukhulu be-vial esetyenzisiweyo, ukuchaneka komlomo webhotile, ubukhulu be-gasket, njl. Ngesiqhelo, ibhotile yeglasi ye-screw-top ye-2 ml esemgangathweni isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba inaliti yokutofa itsalwa ngokuthe chu kwaye ukuthintela ukuvaleka kweenaliti okanye ukuvuza. Ukwenza isampulu yezandla okanye ukukhupha, uhlobo lwevial ​​olubhetyebhetye luyakhethwa.
• Iimeko zokugcina isampuli: Iimeko zokugcina zesampulu zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye nesakhiwo sokuvalwa kwe-vial. Uninzi lweglasi okanye iiglasi zepolypropylene zanele iisampuli ezihlala zifakwe efrijini ixesha elifutshane. Ukuba iisampulu kufuneka zigcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi (-20 ℃ okanye -80 ℃), kufuneka kusetyenziswe iityhubhu ezikhethekileyo zokukhenkceza, ezenziwe ngePP echasene nobushushu obuphantsi kwaye ixhotyiswe ngesakhiwo sokutywinwa kwe-O-ring yokutywina. Ukuba iisampulu zigcinwe kulwelo lwenitrogen ixesha elide, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iingqayi ezikhethekileyo zolwelo lwenitrogen, kwaye iminqwazi enemisonto yangaphakathi okanye iminqwazi eza kuqiniswa ukuze itywinwe kufuneka isetyenziswe ukunqanda ukukhenkceza nokugqabhuka kweengqayi. Ukongeza, kwizinto ezibonisa ukukhanya, i-brown okanye i-opaque vials kufuneka isetyenziswe okanye ixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokugcina ukukhanya.
• Ibhalansi yeendleko kunye nobungakanani bovavanyo: Kuvavanyo oluphezulu okanye iilabhoratri zokufundisa, iibhotile zeplastiki ezifikelelekayo zinokukhethwa ukunciphisa iindleko zokusetyenziswa. Uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo okanye ukuphathwa kwesampulu yexabiso eliphezulu, ingqwalasela kufuneka ibe kukucoceka kwebhotile, ukungabi nalutho kwezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokusebenza kokutywinwa, okunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha nakwixabiso elincinci. Ukongeza, xa usakha iilayibrari zesampula okanye ulawula iiprojekthi zexesha elide, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ii-vials ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinebhakhowudi, i-freezer-resistant, kunye ne-contamination-resistant ukuze kuphuculwe ukulandelwa kwesampulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwedatha.

Kuthatyathwe kunye, i-vial yesampuli, nangona incinci, likhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi koyilo lovavanyo, umgangatho wesampuli kunye neziphumo zohlalutyo. Ngokusebenzisa uqwalaselo olucwangcisiweyo lweempawu zesampulu, izixhobo zovavanyo, iindlela zokugcina kunye nobungakanani bohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, umthombo wobushushu wovavanyo ungakhetha ngokwenzululwazi eyona ngqayi yesampulu ifanelekileyo, ibeka isiseko esiluqilima kuyo yonke inkqubo yophando.

Iindlela zexesha elizayo kunye nezalathiso ezitsha

Ngophuhliso lolwenzeko lophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nengqikelelo yovavanyo oluluhlaza, iibhotile zokuqokelelwa kwesampulu ziyaphuhla kwicala lokuhambelana nokhuseleko oluhlekisayo kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Kwelinye icala, iilabhoratri zomthamo ophezulu zineemfuno ezongezelelekileyo zesantya sokusetyenzwa kwesampulu kunye noxinaniso, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iibhotile zihambe ngokuthe chu ukuya kwi-miniaturization kunye ne-modularization. Iingqayi ezinobungakanani obuncinci ziya ziba yinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye xa zisetyenziswa kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, azigcini nje indawo kunye nezinto ezisebenza ngokutsha, kodwa zikwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuziqhelanisa nemfuno yovavanyo lwangoku lwesantya kunye nokuchaneka.

Kwelinye icala, uphando kunye nophuhliso lwemathiriyeli ehambelana nokusingqongileyo nayo ibe yinto ekugxilwe kuyo kushishino. Ukuze kuncitshiswe umthwalo wokusingqongileyo obangelwa ziiplastiki ezilahlwayo, iibhotile ezininzi nangakumbi zisebenzisa izinto ezinokubola okanye ezisekwe kwibhayoloji. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukupakishwa kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa ithande ukuba lula kwaye ibe luhlaza, ngokuhambelana nomkhwa wokwakhiwa kwebhubhoratri ezinzileyo.

Kwixesha elizayo, ii-vials aziyi kutyiwa kuphela, kodwa kunye nenxalenye ephambili yophuhliso olukrelekrele noluzinzileyo lweelabhoratri.