Intshayelelo

Kuphando lwesayensi lwanamhlanje kunye nohlalutyo lovavanyo, igumbi lokuqokelelwa kweesampuli linyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwedatha. Kwaye kule nkqubo, iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampuli, njengesixhobo esiphambili sokugcina kunye nokuthuthwa kweesampuli, ukukhethwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokuthembeka kunye nokuzinza kwesampuli kunye nokuchaneka kohlalutyo olulandelayo.

Iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininziIindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebhotile zahlulwe ngononophelo ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, ulwakhiwo, izongezo kunye nokuvalwa kweesampuli ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo zefiziksi, iimfuno zohlalutyo kunye neemeko zokugcina.

Ulwahlulo oluSisiseko lweeVili zokuQokelelwa kweeSampulu

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeesampuli zinemfuno ezahlukeneyo zeebhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu ngexesha lokuqokelela nokugcina. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda udidi olusisiseko lweebhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu kuya kunceda abavavanyi ukuba benze ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zokwenyani. Ngokubanzi, iityhubhu zesampulu zinokuhlulwahlulwa ngokwezinto eziphathekayo, indlela yokutywina kunye nobukhulu obufana ne-solvent kunye ne-structural morphology.

1. Uhlu ngokwezinto eziphathekayo: iglasi vs. iplastiki

• Iityhubhu zeSampuli zeGlasi: Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngeglasi ye-borosilicate ephezulu enokungasebenzi kakuhle kweekhemikhali kunye nozinzo lobushushu, ifanelekile kwiintlambululi ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo kunye neemeko zokucubungula ubushushu obuphezulu. Ingakumbi kuhlalutyo oluchanekileyo okanye ukuqokelelwa kweekhompawundi ezifunxwa lula, iibhotile zeglasi zinokuphepha ngempumelelo ukonakala okanye ukungcola kwesampuli.
• Iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu zeplastiki: izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-polypropylene, i-polyethylene, i-polycarbonate, njl. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nefuthe kwaye zilula, kwaye zifanelekile ukukhenkcezwa kwe-cryogenic, ukuqokelelwa kweesampuli zebhayoloji, kunye novavanyo lweklinikhi oluqhelekileyo. Ezinye zeebhotile zeplastiki eziphezulu nazo ziyamelana nokubola kweekhemikhali kwinqanaba elithile.

2. Ukwahlulahlula ngendlela yokutywina: isikrufu, i-bayonet, uhlobo lwe-gland

• Uhlobo lwe-screw-in: uhlobo oluqhelekileyo, olulula ukuluvula nokuyivala, olufanelekileyo kwiimfuno zelebhu ngokubanzi. Ii-screw-port caps zihlala zidityaniswa nee-PTFE/silicone gaskets ukuqinisekisa ukutywinwa kunye nokuhambelana kweekhemikhali.
• Uhlobo lwe-bayonet: Ivalwe ngokukhawuleza nge-snap, ifanelekile ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okanye izihlandlo ezifuna ukuvulwa rhoqo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumaqonga azenzekelayo okanye kwiinkqubo ezithile zovavanyo ezisemgangathweni.
• Uhlobo lwe-gland: Ivalwe ngentsimbi kunye ne-gland, eyona nto ingangeni moya, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-gas chromatography nakwezinye iimvavanyo ezifuna ulawulo oluphezulu lokuguquguquka. Ifanelekile ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa kwexesha elide, ingakumbi esetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lwesampulu yokusingqongileyo.

3. Ukwahlulahlula ngokomthamo kunye nemilo: umgangatho oqhelekileyo, omncinci, umzantsi okhonkrithi, njl.

• Iibhotile eziqhelekileyo: imiqulu eqhelekileyo yi-1.5 ml, 2 ml kunye ne-5 ml, ezifanelekileyo ukuqokelelwa kunye nokuhlalutywa kweesampuli ezininzi zolwelo. Imilo ikakhulu iyisilinda, elula ukuyiqonda ngezixhobo ezizenzekelayo.
• Iibhotile ezincinci: enomthamo we-0.2ml-0.5ml, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiisampulu ezincinci kakhulu okanye kwiindlela zovavanyo eziphezulu. Ifanelekile kwinkqubo yesampulu encinci.
• Iibhotile ezinezantsi zekhowuni: Umzantsi webhotile wenziwe ngendlela yekhowuni, elungele ukuxinwa kwesampuli, ukusebenza kwe-centrifugal kunye nokufunxwa okungenantsalela, okusetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lokukhupha i-protein/nucleic acid.
• Iibhotile ezisicaba ezantsi/ezijikelezileyo: Ii-flat bottoms zifanelekile kwizixhobo zokuthatha iisampulu ngokuzenzekelayo, ngelixa ii-round bottoms zifanelekile ngakumbi ekusebenzeni ngesandla okanye kwiimeko zokuxuba i-vortex.

Ukusetyenziswa kwiSamples zeBiological (iisamples zegazi njengomzekelo)

Njengenye yezona sampuli zebhayoloji ziqhelekileyo nezisisiseko, igazi lisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukuxilongwa kweklinikhi, uvavanyo lwemfuza, kunye nophando lweproteomics. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwalo okuntsonkothileyo kunye nomsebenzi onamandla webhayoloji, iimfuno zezikhongozeli zokuqokelela zingqongqo kakhulu. Iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu ezisetyenziselwa usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo zahlukile ngokwezongezo, izixhobo kunye noyilo lwesakhiwo, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho weesampulu kunye nokuchaneka kohlalutyo olulandelayo.

1. Okusingqongileyo kunye nenjongo yokusetyenziswa

• Uvavanyo lwezonyango: kwigazi eliqhelekileyo, kwi-biochemistry, kwii-electrolytes, kuvavanyo lwamanqanaba ehomoni, njl.njl., kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza, ngokufanelekileyo, kuthintelwe i-hemolysis kunye nongcoliseko.
• Uphando lwebhayoloji yemolekyuli: njenge-RNA-seq, i-whole genome sequencing (WGS), i-qPCR, njl.njl., efuna iimfuno eziphezulu zokuthembeka kwe-nucleic acid kunye neemeko zokugcinwa kwesampuli.
• Uhlalutyo lweprotheni kunye ne-metabolomics: ixhalabile malunga nokuthintelwa komsebenzi we-protease, ukuhambelana kwesinyibilikisi, uzinzo emva kokuqandisa nokunyibilika ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

2. Iindidi kunye noqwalaselo lweebhotile zesampulu eziqhelekileyo

• Iqulethe iibhotile ze-anticoagulant: Iityhubhu ze-EDTA zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lwe-hematology kunye nokukhupha i-nucleic acid, nto leyo enokuthintela ngempumelelo inkqubo yokujiya nokukhusela imo yeseli; Iityhubhu ze-Heparin zifanelekile kuhlalutyo lwe-plasma, zifanelekile kuvavanyo oluthile lweekhemikhali (umz., uhlalutyo lwegesi yegazi), kodwa ziphazamisana neempendulo ezithile ze-PCR; kwaye iityhubhu ze-Sodium citrate zisetyenziswa kakhulu kuvavanyo lomsebenzi wokujiya.
• Iityhubhu zokuqokelela igazi elimsulwa ezingenazo izongezo: isetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-serum, njengokufikelela emsebenzini, ukusebenza kwezintso, uvavanyo lwe-immunology, njl. Emva kokuba igazi lijiyile ngokwendalo, i-serum yahlulwe nge-centrifugation ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba izongezo zeekhemikhali ziphazamise impendulo yovavanyo.
• Iibhotile ezikhethekileyo zokugcina amanzi epholileyo: yenziwe ngezinto ze-PP ezinamandla aphezulu, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu (-80℃ ukuya kwindawo ene-nitrogen engamanzi). Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukugcina i-plasma, i-serum, izinto zeseli ixesha elide, njl.njl., isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhanki zeesampuli zebhayoloji kunye nezifundo zokulandelela ixesha elide.

3. Isilumkiso

• Impembelelo yezinto ezisetyenziswayo ekuzinzeni kwesampulu: Iibhotile zeplastiki zinokufunxa iiproteni okanye ii-nucleic acids, nto leyo edinga ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezifunxa kancinci okanye unyango lomphezulu. Iibhotile zeglasi zizinzile kodwa azifanelekanga kuzo zonke iimeko zokuqandisa Iingcali zelebhu kufuneka zenze isigqibo ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwesampulu kunye neemfuno zovavanyo.
• Ukubaluleka kwenkqubo yokulebhelisha nokulandelelwa: Ngexesha lovavanyo, iisampulu zibhideka lula ngenxa yokulebhelisha, ulwazi olungaphelelanga kunye nezinye iingxaki, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ukuthembeka kwedatha. Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iilebheli eziprintiweyo nge-laser, izitikha ezihlala ixesha elide zokugcina izinto ezikhenkcezisiweyo okanye inkqubo yokulandelela ye-elektroniki (efana ne-RFID, ibhakhowudi) kuyo yonke inkqubo yolawulo lwesampulu.

Ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kweesampuli zegazi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiziphumo zovavanyo, kwaye iibhotile ezifanelekileyo zokuqokelelwa kweesampuli azigcini nje ngokwandisa ukugcinwa komsebenzi wesampuli kunye nokuthembeka kwayo, kodwa zikwayimfuneko yophando olusemgangathweni. Ngophuhliso lweyeza elichanekileyo kunye netekhnoloji ephezulu yokukhupha, imfuno yeebhotile zokuqokelelwa kweesampuli zebhayoloji iya incitshiswa kwaye iphuculwa ngakumbi.

Uhlalutyo lweeKhemikhali kunye neeSampuli zeLebhu

Kwikhemistri yohlalutyo, ukufunyanwa kwamayeza, uvavanyo lokhuseleko lokutya kunye neminye imisebenzi yelabhoratri, iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu azizo nje izikhongozeli zokugcina kuphela, kodwa zikwayinxalenye ehambelanayo kakhulu yenkqubo yohlalutyo nesixhobo. Ingakumbi kwi-chromatography yolwelo, i-chromatography yegesi kunye nezinye iindlela zovavanyo oluchanekileyo, ukukhethwa kweebhotile kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokuphindaphinda kunye nokuchaneka kohlalutyo kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwesixhobo.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kweebhotile kwi-chromatography yolwelo kunye nohlalutyo lwe-chromatography yegesi

• Iibhotile zeHPLC: kufuneka uzinzo oluhle kakhulu lweekhemikhali ukuthintela isisombululo sesampulu ukuba singabi nanto okanye sinamathele eludongeni lwebhotile. Ngokwesiqhelo kusetyenziswa iibhotile zeglasi ezi-2 ml ezinee-screw-top caps ze-PTFE/silicone gasket, ezimelana nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo kwaye zigcina itywina eliqinileyo. Kwiisampuli ezinobushushu belanga, kukho iibhotile ezimdaka.
• Iibhotile ze-GC: ekubeni uhlalutyo lwe-GC luxhomekeke kakhulu ekuguqukeni kwesampulu, iibhotile kufuneka zivalwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zihlala zenziwe ngeebhotile zeglasi ezinee-pressure caps; ukongeza, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwezinto eziguquguqukayo, ii-gaskets ezifakwe kwangaphambili zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuvala ngee-aluminium caps.
• Izicelo ezineesampuli ezincinci: Ukuze kuhlolwe umthamo ophezulu kunye nokufunyanwa kwenxalenye yokulandelela, ii-microvials ze-0.3 ml-0.5 ml zingasetyenziswa kunye nee-cannulae ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwesampuli.

2. Ubungakanani benkqubo yesampulu ezenzekelayo kunye neemfuno zokuhambelana

Iilabhoratri zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa ii-autosamplers ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchonga kunye nokuhambelana, kwaye kucetyiswa imigangatho efanayo kwiinkcukacha zeebhotile kunye neemilo:

• Iinkcukacha eziqhelekileyo: I-2ml ye-caliber esemgangathweni (OD 12mm * Ukuphakama 32mm) yeyona modeli iphambili yokujikeleza, ehambelana kakhulu nenkqubo ye-autosampling yeebhrendi ezininzi.
• Iimfuneko zokubonakala kwebhotile: umlomo webhotile kufuneka ube tyaba, umzimba webhotile kufuneka umelane nokungqubana koomatshini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukubambelela kwengalo yoomatshini kuzinzile.
• Uhlengahlengiso lweTray ekhethekileyoEzinye iintlobo zeenkqubo zifuna isakhiwo esithile esisezantsi (umzantsi othe tyaba, umzantsi ojikelezileyo, okanye onemiqolo) ukuze zilungelelane netreyi yebhotile.

3. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye noyilo olusebenzayo

Ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kohlalutyo lweesampuli ezintsonkothileyo, iilabhoratri zihlala zisebenzisa iibhotile ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa:

• Iglasi ye-borosilicate engasebenziyo: Yeyona nto ikhethwayo kwi-HPLC/GC ngenxa yokuba inamandla okuxhathisa iikhemikhali kunye nokucoceka kwayo, ithintela ukusabela okanye ukufunxwa kwezinto ezincinci kwisampuli.
• Isiciko segasket sePTFE: ukumelana nokugqwala kwesinyibilikisi okuphezulu, ukubhoboza okuphindaphindiweyo, okufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwenaliti yesampulu ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuphepha ungcoliseko lwesampuli kunye nokuvuza.
• Ibhotile yonyango lwe-Silanization: umphezulu uphathwa ngengubo ekhethekileyo yokunciphisa ukufunxwa kweemolekyuli ze-polar, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kuhlalutyo lokulandelela.

Ngokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ulwakhiwo kunye neenkcukacha, iibhotile kuhlalutyo lweekhemikhali aziphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kokufumanisa kunye nokuhambelana kwezixhobo, kodwa zikwanegalelo ekuhambelaneni nasekuthembekeni kwedatha yesampulu. Ingakumbi kuhlalutyo lokulandelela kunye neenkqubo ezenzekelayo, uqwalaselo olufanelekileyo lweenkqubo zeebhotile lube yenye yeenkcukacha eziphambili zokuqinisekisa umgangatho wovavanyo.

Ukukhethwa kweeVials kwiNgqokelela yeeSampuli zeNdalo

Ukuqokelelwa kweesampuli zokusingqongileyo kugubungela uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezinje ngamanzi, umhlaba, kunye nomoya, kwaye iisampuli zinobume obuntsonkothileyo kwaye zinokuba phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu (umz., zingcolisa kakhulu, ziguquguquka kakhulu, zingcolisa kancinci, njl.njl.). Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kwedatha eqokelelweyo kunye nokuthobela iimfuno zomthetho, kubalulekile ukukhetha iibhotile ezifanelekileyo zokuqokelela iisampulu.

1. Iimeko zesicelo

• Iisampuli zamanzi: Amanzi angaphezulu eBaokou, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, amanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso, njl.njl., asetyenziswa kakhulu ekufumaneni iintsimbi ezinzima, ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo. Iityuwa zesondlo, njl.njl.
• Isicatshulwa somhlaba: iisampulu zolwelo ezifunyenwe ngokutsalwa kweekhemikhali, eziqulethe iintsalela zezibulali-zinambuzane, iimetali ezinzima okanye iikhompawundi zendalo.
• Ulwelo lokuqokelela amasuntswana emoyeni: iisampuli zeesuntswana ezisetyenziselwa ukuphuma kwiimembrane zesihluzi okanye ulwelo olufunxa amaqamza.

2. Iimfuno eziphambili zeebhotile zokuthatha iisampulu

• Utywino oluqinileyo: Kuphephe ukuguquguquka kwesampulu, ukuvuza okanye ukufunxwa komswakama ngexesha lokuthuthwa okanye ukugcinwa, ingakumbi ekufumanekeni kwe-VOC.
• Ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala: iisampulu zinokuba nee-asidi ezinamandla, ii-alkali okanye izinyibilikisi ze-organic, ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kweglasi ene-borosilicate eninzi okanye iibhotile ezenziwe ngeplastiki ekhethekileyo.
• Uyilo olungasebenziyo: Udonga olungaphakathi lwebhotile kufuneka luphephe ukufunxa izinto ezingcolisayo okanye ukusabela kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ezinye iinkcazo zifuna ukusetyenziswa kweebhotile ezifakwe i-silanized okanye ezihlanjwe kwangaphambili.
• Ukuthobela imithetho yokuvavanya iisampulu: Zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo zokubeka esweni okusingqongileyo zihlala zikhokelwa yimigangatho yesizwe okanye yehlabathi, efana ne-US EPA, iMigangatho yoMgangatho wokusiNgqongileyo yaseTshayina yaManzi angaphezulu, njl.njl., kwaye iibhotile kufuneka zikhethwe ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno zazo zokuthatha iisampulu.

Iibhotile ezikhethiweyo ngendlela engafanelekanga zinokubangela iingxaki ezinje ngokuwohloka kwezinto ekujoliswe kuzo, ukufunxwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo, kunye neebleaks ezikhethiweyo, ezinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo okanye zikhokelele ekucinyweni kwedatha. Ke ngoko, ukhetho lwesayensi nolufanelekileyo lweebhotile zesampulu ekubekweni kweliso kwindalo aluhambelani nje kuphela nomgangatho wohlalutyo, kodwa lukwanxulumene nokuthobela imithetho kunye nokwenza izigqibo zesayensi kwindalo.

Isikhokelo sokukhetha iiVili: Indlela yokukhetha ngokusekwe kuhlobo lweSampulu kunye neemfuno zohlalutyo

Njengoko sijongene neentlobo ngeentlobo zeebhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu, indlela yokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo nolwenzululwazi kumsebenzi osebenzayo yingxaki eqhelekileyo kubantu abasebenzisa uvavanyo.

1. Iimpawu zesampulu zimisela ukhetho lwesakhiwo sezinto zokuqala

• Iimpawu zesampulu ngokwayo: Ukuba isampuli iyaguquguquka kakhulu, ibhotile yeglasi enesiciko esihle sokutywina kunye ne-PTFE gasket ikhethwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukulahleka kwezinto. Xa kukho iisampulu ezinamandla zokubola, kufuneka usebenzise iibhotile zeglasi ze-borosilicate ezingamelani neekhemikhali, okanye usebenzise i-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu, iiplastiki ezine-fluorine kunye nezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo ezaziwa ngokuba yibhotile. Ukongeza, kwiisampulu ezisebenzayo ngokwebhayoloji ezityebileyo kwi-nucleic acids, iiproteni okanye ii-microorganisms, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ii-vials ezingena-enzyme, eziphathwe nge-aseptically, kwaye izinto ezingaphantsi kwe-adsorption okanye i-inert ziyakhethwa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuwohloka kwesampulu okanye i-adsorption engacwangciswanga.
• Uhlobo kunye nokuhambelana kwezixhobo zohlalutyo: Inkqubo yokuvavanya ngokuzenzekelayo esetyenziswayo, kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba ubungakanani bebhotile esetyenzisiweyo, ukuchaneka komlomo webhotile, ubukhulu begasket, njl.njl. ziyahambelana nemigaqo eqhelekileyo yomenzi wesixhobo. Ngokwesiqhelo, ibhotile yeglasi ye-2 ml esemgangathweni isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba inaliti yokujova ikhutshwa ngokuthe chu kwaye kuthintelwe ukuvaleka kwenaliti okanye ukuvuza. Kwisampuli okanye ukusasazwa ngesandla, kukhethwa uhlobo lwebhotile oluguquguqukayo ngakumbi.
• Iimeko zokugcina iisampuli: Iimeko zokugcina isampuli zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhetho lwezinto kunye nolwakhiwo lokuvala ibhotile. Uninzi lweebhotile zeglasi okanye zepolypropylene zanele iisampuli ezihlala zigcinwe efrijini ixesha elifutshane. Ukuba iisampuli kufuneka zigcinwe kubushushu obuphantsi (-20℃ okanye -80℃), kufuneka kusetyenziswe iityhubhu ezikhethekileyo zokukhenkceza, ezenziwe nge-PP engatshisi kakhulu kwaye zixhotyiswe ngesakhiwo sokutywina i-O-ring engavuziyo. Ukuba iisampuli zigcinwe kwi-nitrogen engamanzi ixesha elide, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iibhotile ezikhethekileyo ze-nitrogen engamanzi, kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswe ii-caps okanye ii-caps zangaphakathi ezifakwe imisonto ukuze ziqiniswe ukuze zitywinwe ukuthintela ukuqandusela nokuqhuma kweebhotile. Ukongeza, kwizinto ezinobushushu belanga, kufuneka kusetyenziswe iibhotile ezimdaka okanye ezingacacanga okanye ezixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokugcina ezingakhanyisiyo.
• Ibhalansi yeendleko kunye nobungakanani bovavanyo: Kwiimvavanyo ezisebenzisa kakhulu okanye kwiilabhoratri zokufundisa, iibhotile zeplastiki ezingabizi kakhulu zinokukhethwa ukunciphisa iindleko zokusetyenziswa. Uhlalutyo oluchanekileyo okanye ukuphathwa kweesampuli ezinexabiso eliphezulu, ingqwalasela kufuneka ibe kukucoceka kweebhotile, ukungangeni kwezinto, kunye nokusebenza kokuvala, okunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha nokuba ngexabiso eliphantsi kancinci. Ukongeza, xa usakha iilayibrari zesampulu okanye ulawula iiprojekthi zexesha elide, kubalulekile ukubeka phambili iibhotile ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezineebhakhowudi, ezinganyangekiyo kwifriji, nezinganyangekiyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukulandelwa kweesampuli kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lwedatha.

Xa zizonke, ibhotile yesampulu, nangona incinci, ikhonkco elibalulekileyo phakathi koyilo lovavanyo, umgangatho wesampuli kunye neziphumo zohlalutyo. Ngokuqwalasela ngokucwangcisiweyo iimpawu zesampulu, izixhobo zovavanyo, iindlela zokugcina kunye nobungakanani bebhajethi, umthombo wobushushu wovavanyo unokukhetha ngokwesayensi ibhotile yokuqokelela isampuli efanelekileyo, ubeke isiseko esiqinileyo senkqubo yonke yophando.

Iindlela Zekamva Nezikhokelo Ezintsha

Ngophuhliso lwe-automation yophando lwesayensi kunye nengcamango yovavanyo oluluhlaza, iibhotile zokuqokelela iisampulu ziyaguquka zihambelane nokhuseleko oluhlekisayo nolwendalo.

Kwelinye icala, iilabhoratri ezisebenzisa amandla aphezulu zinemfuno eyandayo yesantya sokucubungula iisampulu kunye noxinano, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ii-vials zihambe kancinci kancinci ziye kwi-miniaturization kunye ne-modularization. Ii-vials ezincinci ziya ziqala ukusetyenziswa, kwaye xa zisetyenziswa neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, azigcini nje ngokugcina indawo kunye nee-reagents, kodwa zikwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, zilungelelanisa neemfuno zezilingo zanamhlanje zesantya kunye nokuchaneka.

Kwelinye icala, uphando nophuhliso lwezinto ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo luye lwaba yeyona nto iphambili kushishino. Ukuze kuncitshiswe umthwalo wokusingqongileyo obangelwa ziiplastiki ezilahlwayo, iibhotile ezininzi ziyamkela izinto ezinokubola okanye ezisekelwe kwibhayoloji. Kwangaxeshanye, inkqubo yokupakisha kunye nemveliso idla ngokuba lula kwaye ibe luhlaza, ngokuhambelana nomkhwa wokwakhiwa kwelebhu okuzinzileyo.

Kwixesha elizayo, iibhotile aziyi kuba zizinto ezisetyenziswayo kuphela, kodwa ziya kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso olukrelekrele noluzinzileyo lweelabhoratri.